What are personas and scenarios?
Personas are archetypal users of your product or service. They typically describe a fictional person's attitude (motivation, emotion, risk tolerance, persistence, optimism, pessimism); aptitude (current knowlege, ability to make inferences, expertise); and ability (physical and cognitive attributes) - with respect to your product or service. Personas enable you to talk concretely about how real people will use your product or service.
A scenario is a plausible story about a persona using the future product or service to achieve a goal (or a complete a task, or fulfill an intention...) from start to finish, within a particular context.
A good scenario:
- Describes some of the interaction, with enough detail to make it compelling, but not so much detail as to be overwhelming.
- Provides a shared understanding for everyone on your team about what a user might want to do and how they might do it.
- Helps you construct the sequence of events that are necessary to address in your user interface.
- Can be sketchy, as long as it provokes ideas and discussion.
Our Personas
Sandy Green | Frank Garcia | Chuck Mason |
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Pak Solutions | Atlantic Packaging | |
Pak Solutions is a small, family-owned packaging distributorship. |
Atlantic stocks 12,000 items in one giant warehouse location - about 1/3 janitorial supplies; 1/3 industrial products and 1/3 packaging. Atlantic works with 600 suppliers ranging from Kimberly Clark to Interstate Container. Poly bags make up a small fraction of Atlantic's packaging supplies.
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Pak Solutions recently hired Sandy as a temp-to-perm purchasing agent. Prior to this, Sandy had been a junior purchasing associate at a large medical device manufacturer that went out of business. In her short time at Pak Solutions, Sandy has grown to like the company and its people very much; she would really like a permanent position with full benefits. She is new to the packaging industry and to poly bags in particular. But she is bright, resourceful, and ambitious, and isn’t afraid to try new things. She actively maintains a profile and professional connections on LinkedIn. She is proficient with basic office computing - word processing, spreadsheets and web browsing. She uses Google when she doesn't know where to begin. In her personal life, she does most of her shopping online. She has a laptop and an iPhone. She makes 'point of sale' mobile payments at Starbucks, Target and elsewhere. She uses Facebook and texting to stay connected with friends and family. She frequently uses sites like Yelp, TripAdvisor and OpenTable, and occasionally posts her own reviews. Sandy's hobby is knitting; she's posted some of her work, and the work of others she admires, on Pinterest. She uses Twitter, mainly in conjunction with entertainers she follows, though she occasionally Tweets about what she's up to and includes an Instagram photo. Sandy is concerned about the environment. | Frank has been a salesman for Atlantic Packaging for over 5 years. He sells to a diverse base of clients, ranging from consumer electronics to apparel. He’s a gregarious “people person”; he’d much rather be in the field interacting with clients, than spending time back at the office. He’s a great conversationalist and listener, and attentive to small details. Frank gets by with basic word processing, email and some web use. He is somewhat risk-averse when it comes to new technology; as soon as he masters some complex system, they go and change it on him. Atlantic recently replaced his cell phone with a smart phone, but he hasn't had time to master its new features. He uses it primarily for calls, texts and emails. He is still getting used to the touchscreen. In order to grow his sales, Frank is constantly trying to increase his knowledge of the products he's selling and the industries he's selling to; he tends to ask his customers and suppliers lots and lots of questions. When he has a new sales opportunity, he occasionally does some preliminary research online at the office. But more often than not he hands quoting and ordering off to the Purchasing Department, unless he needs something after hours. When it comes to polybags, he loves Laddawn’s fast quotes; he wishes everyone was like Laddawn. Frank is sensitive to pricing; he's always looking to increase his margin and isn’t afraid to ask for a better deal. Frank also researches his personal buying decisions on the web, but because he doesn't like to use his credit card online, he tends to make purchases at stores or over the phone. He enjoys YouTube videos that his friends occasionally send to him him. He also plays fantasy football. He stays connected with friends and family mainly though phone and email. He had a Facebook account, but abandoned it - he's blocked from using it at work, and found Facebook's constant notifications and changes to privacy settings too difficult to keep up with. | Chuck has been with Atlantic Packaging for 18 years. He is one of three purchasing agents there. Chuck has got a lot on his plate every day. It's hard for him to retain much information about the poly products he buys sporadically. In evaluating different vendors, he cares most about pricing, availability and return policies. He has a handful of favored vendors, based on his contacts at those firms who take really good care of him. Chuck's job performance is graded on gross profits and turns; he is expected to increase his turns from 9 to 12 this year. Meeting such objectives is becoming harder and harder. Due to increased competition, Atlantic is not growing at the pace it did when he first started there. More and more he hears that providing excellent service is what will give you the competitive edge; however, he's not sure how that translates to his "behind-the-scenes" role. His day is pretty much spent in email, on the phone, and in Volaré, Atlantic's ERP system for the last eight years. Although Chuck types with two index fingers, he knows all the ins and outs Volaré; new staff often turn to him for tips on how to use this quirky system with all the screens and special function keys. Chuck gave in about 3 years ago and got a personal cell phone. His two colleagues resent the fact that Atlantic recently issued smart phones to the sales staff, but Chuck could care less - he fears that a company-issued phone would place more demands on his personal time, and wants to preserve that separation as long as he can. Chuck owns a home computer, but his teenaged children are its main users. On the rare occasions that he's done anything online (he thought he might give Ancestry.com a try), his children have had to help him with the website or browser. He hates feeling stupid and helpless. He's not much of a shopper, but when he is in the market for something, he prefers the comfort and familiarity of the in-store experience, and being able to see and touch whatever he's buying. He has a personal email account but never checks it (which his sisters find extremely annoying) - he spends all day in front of a computer screen and that's enough. His kids are on Facebook all the time. He hears about Twitter in news and entertainment media, but has no idea what that's about - probably a passing fad. |
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